Benign Arrhythmias and Conduction Defects in Athletes

This chapter analyzes the most frequent benign arrhythmias and conduction defects in athletes. These usually do not require an advanced diagnostic work-up, unless associated with other cardiac abnormalities. Therefore, these abnormalities are not usually reason of exclusion from competitive sports. If a suspicion of underlying cardiac disease is present, other examinations are indicated (exercise stress test, echocardiogram, magnetic resonance imaging, or more invasive procedures such as electrophysiological study). Only after these further diagnostic tests, it will be possible to consider a return to sport, according to current guidelines.