Prevalence of malocclusions, oral habits and orthodontic treatment need in a 7- to 15-year-old schoolchildren population in Tirana

Background: The aim of present study was to determine the prevalence of malocclusions, oral habits and theneed for orthodontic treatment in a sample of 7- to 15-year-old Albanese schoolchildren.Methods: The final sample comprised 2,617 subjects (1,257 males and 1,360 females), all orthodontically untreated.Occlusal relationship and the functional analysis were recorded for all subjects. The prevalence rates for the dentalhealth component of the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) were calculated. Comparisons betweengenders were performed for the prevalence of malocclusions, oral habits and IOTN grades (chi-square tests).Results: Class I, class II and class III malocclusions and asymmetries were observed in 40.4%, 29.2%, 3.2% and 27.1%of the sample, respectively. There were 2,108 subjects (80.6%) that showed oral habits, with females (82.1%)presenting with a greater prevalence rate than males (78.9%). The objective need for orthodontic treatment (grades4 and 5 of IOTN) was registered in 1,077 subjects (41.2%). This prevalence rate is higher than those reported forother European countries. No significant differences between genders were found for the IOTN grades.Conclusions: The findings of the present study revealed the need to improve public health plans for orthodonticprevention and screening and to organise the resources in this area in Albania.