Systematic review of some prosthetic risk factors for periimplantitis

AbstractSTATEMENT OF PROBLEM:The recent literature underlines a correlation between plaque and the development of periimplantitis but neglects the importance of the prosthetic factors.PURPOSE:The purpose of this systematic review was to appraise the available literature to evaluate the role played by cement excess and misfitting components on the development of periimplantitis.MATERIAL AND METHODS:An electronic search restricted to the English language was performed in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Register up to September 1, 2014, based on a selected search algorithm. Only cohort studies and case-control studies were included without additional restrictions. The presence of periimplantitis and implant failure were considered primary and secondary outcome variables.RESULTS:The search produced 275 potentially relevant titles, of which only 2 were found eligible. They showed a correlation in cemented implant prostheses between cement excess and the presence of periimplant disease, especially in patients with a history of periodontal disease. After cement excess removal by means of debridement, disease symptoms disappeared around most of the implants.CONCLUSIONS:Scientific articles on prosthetic risk factors for periimplantitis are scarce. Although the studies found on cement remnants have a high risk for bias, cement excess seems to be associated with mucositis and possibly with periimplantitis, especially in patients with a history of periodontal disease.