Scelta ragionata dei dispositivi ortopedico-ortodontici nella malocclusione di Classe II [Rational choice of functional/orthopaedic appliances for the correction of class II malocclusion]

Objectives: Functional treatment of Class II malocclusion has been advocated to control and modify the direction of growth of the maxillary teeth and to reduce the need for treatment involving the permanent teeth. Materials and methods: Many studies demonstrate the effectiveness of functional appliances in the treatment of Class II malocclusion caused by mandibular retrognathism in growing patients. A wide range of functional/orthopedic appliances are available for the correction of this problem. The aim of all these appliances is to stimulate mandibular growth by forward posturing of the mandible. Results: A systematic review of the literature reveals substantial variability in the reported outcomes of functional jaw orthopedics in Class II malocclusion. These differences depend mainly on the type of appliance used and the timing of intervention. The growth peak that occurs during puberty is the most suitable period for undertaking this type of treatment. Conclusions: Subjects with habits that interfere with proper maxillary and mandibular development benefit from early treatment of Class II malocclusion that guarantees proper mandibular growth.