Medication Errors in the Emergency Department: Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, and Training Needs of Nurses

Aim: The aim was to describe which elements of nurses' knowledge, training needs, behavior, and attitude can prevent Medication errors (Acronym MEs) in the emergency department during all steps of the administration of intravenous (IV) medications. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire made up of 43 items has been drafted and delivered to a sample of 103 nurses of a university hospital in Rome. The study has been supported by specific literature review. Results: Majority of the sample (94%) answered that topics related to the preparation and administration of IV medications were covered during the basic course while 63.2% only during the postbasic course. Only 15.6% of nurses judged excellent their level of knowledge about preparation and administration of IV medications while 89.3% considered that it is important to improve their knowledge; 85.6% said that the teaching about the use of IV medications should be increased during the degree course they attended; 30.3% agreed that specific postgraduate courses on the use of IV drugs should be designed. Moreover, only 22% of the sample believed that the coaching of new recruit nurses is critical to prevent errors. Conclusion: The sample showed appropriate knowledge, positive attitudes, and right behavior related to the preparation and administration of IV medications. The skills that nurses must have in pharmacology are still rising, both due to the safety of drug therapy and to the increasing number of drugs available; the result is that nurses have to update their knowledge regularly.