Background. Clinical Research Nurses (CRNs) are professionals who, through their clinical and specialist skills, play an important role in the accuracy of collected data and patient safety in a clinical trial. The CRN in his profession is faced with countless ethical difficulties which, if not well identified, or unresolved, can generate moral distress in the professional and have a negative impact on himself, on the patient and on the research protocol. The purpose of this narrative review is to explore the moral distress in clinical research nurses during clinical trials on vulnerable subjects. Methods. The databases: PubMed, Cinahl, Philosopher’s Index and Scopus were queried between January and August 2020. Twenty-two articles were selected for the narrative review: 21 qualitative descriptive studies and 1 meta-synthesis. Results. The triggers of moral distress in clinical research nurses are very peculiar to the role played, related to the sense of advocacy inherited from the first professional identity and ethical complexity in clinical research. The main areas of the profession in which ethical challenges arise and which expose professionals to the risk of moral distress are: 1. Professional identity, 2. Patient enrollment, 3. Patient safety in experimental therapy, 4. Fidelity to protocol versus a “patient centered” approach, 5. Contribution to science versus individual patient needs. Discussion and conclusions. Moral distress is a phenomenon that can negatively affect the health of the professional, of the patient and of the quality of the clinical study. It is currently a little-studied phenomenon in clinical research nurses and is erroneously interchangeable with other phenomena such as ethical conflict or moral conflict. There is, therefore, the need to shed light on the triggers of moral distress in clinical research nurses, especially in experiments involving the vulnerable population. Keywords. Moral distress, Moral stress, Clinical research nurse, Vulnerable subjects
Introduzione. Gli infermieri di ricerca clinica (Clinical Research Nurse, CRN) sono professionisti che attraverso le proprie competenze cliniche e specialistiche, svolgono un ruolo essenziale nell’accuratezza dei dati raccolti e sulla sicurezza dei pazienti in uno studio clinico. Il CRN nella sua professione si trova a dover affrontare notevoli difficoltà etiche che se non ben identificate, o irrisolte, possono generare moral distress nel professionista e ripercuotere negativamente su sé stesso, sul paziente e sul protocollo di ricerca. L’obiettivo della presente revisione narrativa è descrivere il fenomeno del moral distress negli infermieri di ricerca clinica durante la sperimentazione clinica su soggetti vulnerabili. Materiali e metodi. Sono state interrogate le banche dati: PubMed, Cinahl, Philosopher’s Index e Scopus tra gennaio e agosto del 2020. Sono selezionati 22 articoli (di cui 21 studi qualitativi descrittivi ed 1 metasintesi). Risultati. I fattori scatenanti del moral distress nell’infermiere di ricerca clinica sono strettamente relativi al ruolo svolto, correlati al senso di advocacy ereditato dalla prima identità professionale e dalla complessità etica nella ricerca clinica. I principali ambiti in cui i CRN incontrano sfide etiche e che li espongono ad un rischio di moral distress sono: 1. Identità professionale, 2. L’arruolamento del paziente, 3. Sicurezza del paziente nella terapia sperimentale, 4. Fedeltà al protocollo versus un approccio “patient centred”, 5. Contributo alla scienza versus bisogno individuale del paziente. Discussioni e conclusioni. Il moral distress è un fenomeno che può influire negativamente sulla salute del professionista, del paziente e sulla qualità dello studio clinico. Attualmente è un fenomeno poco studiato in questo ambito della professione e è spesso erroneamente con altri fenomeni quali il conflitto etico o il conflitto morale. Emerge quindi la necessità di perseguire studi che facciano luce sui fattori scatenanti del moral distress nell’infermiere di ricerca clinica specie nelle sperimentazioni che riguardano la popolazione vulnerabile. Parole chiave. Stress morale, distress morale, Infermiere di ricerca clinica, soggetti vulnerabili.
Il moral distress vissuto dagli infermieri di ricerca durante la sperimentazione clinica su soggetti vulnerabili: una revisione narrativa della letteratura [Moral distress experienced by clinical research nurses during the clinical trials on vulnerable subjects: a narrative review]
Giannetta, Noemi;
2021-01-01
Abstract
Background. Clinical Research Nurses (CRNs) are professionals who, through their clinical and specialist skills, play an important role in the accuracy of collected data and patient safety in a clinical trial. The CRN in his profession is faced with countless ethical difficulties which, if not well identified, or unresolved, can generate moral distress in the professional and have a negative impact on himself, on the patient and on the research protocol. The purpose of this narrative review is to explore the moral distress in clinical research nurses during clinical trials on vulnerable subjects. Methods. The databases: PubMed, Cinahl, Philosopher’s Index and Scopus were queried between January and August 2020. Twenty-two articles were selected for the narrative review: 21 qualitative descriptive studies and 1 meta-synthesis. Results. The triggers of moral distress in clinical research nurses are very peculiar to the role played, related to the sense of advocacy inherited from the first professional identity and ethical complexity in clinical research. The main areas of the profession in which ethical challenges arise and which expose professionals to the risk of moral distress are: 1. Professional identity, 2. Patient enrollment, 3. Patient safety in experimental therapy, 4. Fidelity to protocol versus a “patient centered” approach, 5. Contribution to science versus individual patient needs. Discussion and conclusions. Moral distress is a phenomenon that can negatively affect the health of the professional, of the patient and of the quality of the clinical study. It is currently a little-studied phenomenon in clinical research nurses and is erroneously interchangeable with other phenomena such as ethical conflict or moral conflict. There is, therefore, the need to shed light on the triggers of moral distress in clinical research nurses, especially in experiments involving the vulnerable population. Keywords. Moral distress, Moral stress, Clinical research nurse, Vulnerable subjectsI documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.